WALL-CROSSING INVARIANTS: FROM QUANTUM MECHANICS TO KNOTS
Galakhov D., Mironov A., Morozov A.

Received: October 31, 2014

DOI: 10.7868/S0044451015030234

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We offer a pedestrian-level review of the wall-crossing invariants. The story begins from the scattering theory in quantum mechanics where the spectrum reshuffling can be related to permutations of S-matrices. In nontrivial situations, starting from spin chains and matrix models, the S-matrices are operator-valued and their algebra is described in terms of \cR- and mixing (Racah) \cU-matrices. Then the Kontsevich-Soibelman (KS) invariants are nothing but the standard knot invariants made out of these data within the Reshetikhin-Turaev-Witten approach. The \cR and Racah matrices acquire a relatively universal form in the semiclassical limit, where the basic reshufflings with the change of moduli are those of the Stokes line. Natural from this standpoint are matrices provided by the modular transformations of conformal blocks (with the usual identification \cR=T and \cU=S), and in the simplest case of the first degenerate field (2,1), when the conformal blocks satisfy a second-order Shrödinger-like equation, the invariants coincide with the Jones (N=2) invariants of the associated knots. Another possibility to construct knot invariants is to realize the cluster coordinates associated with reshufflings of the Stokes lines immediately in terms of check-operators acting on solutions of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations. Then the \cR-matrices are realized as products of successive mutations in the cluster algebra and are manifestly described in terms of quantum dilogarithms, ultimately leading to the Hikami construction of knot invariants. Contribution for the JETP special issue in honor of V. A. Rubakov's 60th birthday