ZhETF, Vol. 120,
No. 1,
p. 104 (July 2001)
(English translation - JETP,
Vol. 93, No. 1,
p. 89,
July 2001
available online at www.springer.com
)
CRITICAL BEHAVIOR OF DILUTE ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS
Muratov A.R.
Received: November 24, 2000
PACS: 61.20.Qg, 64.60.Fr, 05.70.Jk
A theory of the critical behavior of a dilute ionic solution is constructed. An expression for the susceptibility in a wide temperature region is obtained. It is shown that ionic solutions belong to the universality class of the Ising model. The Ginzburg parameter of the ionic solutions decreases with the increase of the solvent concentration. In the general case, the susceptibility critical exponent nonmonotonically depends on the temperature in the crossover region from the Ising-like to the mean-field behavior. In the vicinity of the transition point, the Debye-Huckel screening radius is proportional to the correlation length. As  , it tends to infinity and the screening disappears. The voltage between the two phases of the ionic solution is proportional to the order parameter and changes as |T/Tc-1|β in the vicinity of the phase transition point.
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